Flashcards: Created by AI or Humans?

What is the commonest vascular tumor in infancy? | Infantile hemangioma

What is the growth difference between vascular tumours and vascular malformations? | Vascular tumours do not grow in proportion with the patient while vascular malformations do

Which classification system distinguishes between fast and slow flow in vascular anomalies? | Fishman’s classification system.

What systemic anomalies are linked with vascular malformations? | Sturge-Weber Syndrome, Parkes-Weber Syndrome, Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome

What is the Kasabach-Merrit phenomenon? | A consumptive coagulopathy with thrombocytopenia and hypofibrogenaemia that results in platelet trapping.

What are the key sites for pressure ulcers? | Key sites for pressure ulcers include areas where bones are close to the skin, such as the sacrum, heels, elbows, and hips, due to prolonged pressure from lying or sitting.

How do pressure ulcers develop? | Pressure ulcers develop due to prolonged pressure that exceeds capillary pressure (over 33mmHg), leading to localized ischemia and tissue necrosis, often compounded by factors like poor mobility, hygiene, and nutrition.

What are some important things to note when examining a pressure sore? | Sinus tracts, undermining, odor, exudate and periwound condition.

Which stages of pressure ulcers are considered for operative management? | Stage 3 and stage 4

Name common themes in there risk assessment scales of pressure ulcers | Physical condition including activity and mobility, mental state, hygiene, co-morbidities

Define a Schwannoma. | A Schwannoma is a benign, isolated peripheral nerve lesion with no malignant potential developing from Schwann cells, which form the myelin sheath around axons and are crucial for effective nerve signal transmission.

What are the clinical features of Schwannomas? | Schwannomas are solitary, slow-growing, and often painless lesions that may cause radiating pain, numbness, or weakness due to nerve compression.

What genetic disorders are frequently associated with multiple Schwannomas? | Neurofibromatosis (NF1) and Schwannomatosis are commonly associated with the development of multiple Schwannomas.

What biopsy techniques are used for the histological diagnosis of Schwannoma? | Excisional biopsy is the preferred method, providing a definitive diagnosis through histopathological examination.

What imaging technique is most effective for characterizing Schwannomas? | T2-weighted MRI is preferred, where Schwannomas appear as hyperintense, well-circumscribed lesions.